Dieva augi: hašiša un kaņepes lietošana sūfiju rituālos

Research of psychedelic drug use in Islam shows a new perspective on the theological aspects of this religion and indicates its syncretic manifestations, especially in Sufi tradition. This paper mainly answers two questions: a) how the use of cannabis and hashish is reflected in Sufi tradition; b) how Sufis followers include the use of psychedelic drugs in their spiritual practices. The paper mostly covers the 10 ^th to the 16 ^th century AD. It reflects how the use of hashish in Sufism is connected to local Islamic tradition beliefs. In today’s Islamic world, there is a heated debate about the differences between the traditions of orthodox Islam and Sufism. Sufism is rather identified with the ritual practices of the nation’s religiosity than with formal doctrinal ideas, but the basic idea of this tradition is the individual’s unification with God. This mystical unification with God often precludes a person’s rational understanding of religion. It is a deep inner experience of a Sufi mystic that transcends the understanding of the material world. Thus, this article partly explores how the experience of Sufi supporters could be interpreted in humanly understandable, scientifically correct terms. The terms “Sufism” and “Sufi” have many layers of meaning, denoting the creative manifestations of Islamic religious life. For centuries, non-traditional approaches to Islamic religious life have been associated with Sufism. In other words, Sufism functioned to revive the religious life of a Muslim through an individual unification with God, in many cases frequently forgotten by orthodox Islam.