Electron beam induced growth of silver nanowhiskers

Madis Umalas; Sergei Vlassov; Boris Polyakov; Leonid M. Dorogin; Rando Saar; Ilmar Kink; Rünno Lõhmus; Ants Lõhmus; Alexey E. Romanov

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.10.021

Electron beam induced growth of silver nanowhiskers

Madis Umalas
, Sergei Vlassov^*
, Boris Polyakov
, Leonid M. Dorogin
, Rando Saar
, Ilmar Kink
, Rünno Lõhmus
, Ants Lõhmus
, Alexey E. Romanov

^*Corresponding author for this work

Thin Films Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics

University of Tartu
Estonian Nanotechnology Competence Center
St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this paper we report an electron beam induced rapid (up to several tens of nm/s) growth of silver nanowhiskers from silver nanowire networks coated with TiO₂ by sol-gel method. Different growth conditions are tested and it is demonstrated that growth is optimal for samples with the film thickness in the range 50-200 nm and previously annealed at 400°C for 5-10 min. Growth mechanism is attributed to cooperative effect of several factors including diffusion of Ag into TiO₂ matrix during annealing, electromigration of Ag atoms caused by strong electric field, and presence of mechanical stresses at interfaces enhanced by thermal expansions due to local heating under e-beam illumination.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	63-68
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Crystal Growth
Volume	410
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.10.021
Publication status	Published - 15 Jan 2015

Keywords

A1. Growth models
A2. Stresses
B1. Metals
Nanomaterials
Nanostructures

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10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.10.021

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title = "Electron beam induced growth of silver nanowhiskers",

abstract = "In this paper we report an electron beam induced rapid (up to several tens of nm/s) growth of silver nanowhiskers from silver nanowire networks coated with TiO2 by sol-gel method. Different growth conditions are tested and it is demonstrated that growth is optimal for samples with the film thickness in the range 50-200 nm and previously annealed at 400°C for 5-10 min. Growth mechanism is attributed to cooperative effect of several factors including diffusion of Ag into TiO2 matrix during annealing, electromigration of Ag atoms caused by strong electric field, and presence of mechanical stresses at interfaces enhanced by thermal expansions due to local heating under e-beam illumination.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.10.021",

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T1 - Electron beam induced growth of silver nanowhiskers

AU - Umalas, Madis

AU - Vlassov, Sergei

AU - Polyakov, Boris

AU - Dorogin, Leonid M.

AU - Saar, Rando

AU - Kink, Ilmar

AU - Lõhmus, Rünno

AU - Lõhmus, Ants

AU - Romanov, Alexey E.

PY - 2015/1/15

Y1 - 2015/1/15

N2 - In this paper we report an electron beam induced rapid (up to several tens of nm/s) growth of silver nanowhiskers from silver nanowire networks coated with TiO2 by sol-gel method. Different growth conditions are tested and it is demonstrated that growth is optimal for samples with the film thickness in the range 50-200 nm and previously annealed at 400°C for 5-10 min. Growth mechanism is attributed to cooperative effect of several factors including diffusion of Ag into TiO2 matrix during annealing, electromigration of Ag atoms caused by strong electric field, and presence of mechanical stresses at interfaces enhanced by thermal expansions due to local heating under e-beam illumination.

AB - In this paper we report an electron beam induced rapid (up to several tens of nm/s) growth of silver nanowhiskers from silver nanowire networks coated with TiO2 by sol-gel method. Different growth conditions are tested and it is demonstrated that growth is optimal for samples with the film thickness in the range 50-200 nm and previously annealed at 400°C for 5-10 min. Growth mechanism is attributed to cooperative effect of several factors including diffusion of Ag into TiO2 matrix during annealing, electromigration of Ag atoms caused by strong electric field, and presence of mechanical stresses at interfaces enhanced by thermal expansions due to local heating under e-beam illumination.

KW - A1. Growth models

KW - A2. Stresses

KW - B1. Metals

KW - Nanomaterials

KW - Nanostructures

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84910595854

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DO - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.10.021

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84910595854

SN - 0022-0248

VL - 410

SP - 63

EP - 68

JO - Journal of Crystal Growth

JF - Journal of Crystal Growth

ER -

Electron beam induced growth of silver nanowhiskers

Abstract

Keywords

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