AR ĢIMENI UN RADNIECĪBU SAISTĪTĀ LEKSIKA LATVIEŠU VALODAS IZLOKSNĒS: „ATLAS LINGUARUM EUROPAE” MATERIĀLI¹

Kinship and the associated terminology is the subject of research in anthropology and other disciplines. The American anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan (1818– 1881) is considered the first developer of the kinship system. The use of kinship terms in Latvia has also been the subject of an anthropological study as part of the project “State Performance and Biosocial Relatedness (Relate.lv)” from 2018 to 2020, led by Klāvs Sedlenieks. However, there is almost no research in Latvian linguistics on the lexical-thematic group of kinship, resulting in limited collected and compiled linguistic material. Kinship terms can be found in the “Latviešu valodas vārdnīca” (“Dictionary of the Latvian Language”) by Kārlis Mīlenbahs and Jānis Endzelīns (ME) and the additional volumes to “Latviešu valodas vārdnīca” by J. Endzelīns and Edīte Hauzenberga-Šturma (EH). However, the only summarizing study of this lexical-thematic group is Antoņina Reķēna’s article on cognate names in four Latgalic subdialects (Kalupe, Līksna, Nīcgale, Vārkava). For the first (and the only) time, the lexis related to kinship and family was collected from all over Latvia only in the 1970s for the “Atlas Linguarum Europae” (ALE). It is a linguistic atlas launched in 1970 with the support of UNESCO. In the ALE, the Latvian language is represented by 36 subdialects. The article deals with names related to kinship and family: relatives, family, father, mother, child, son, daughter, twins, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, father’s / mother’s brother, father’s / mother’s sister, cousin, brother’s / sister’s son, brother’s / sister’s daughter, husband, wife, son-in-law, daughter-in-law etc. The distribution of these names in Latvian subdialects is described, etymological references are summarized, and illustrative dialectal material is provided where possible.