Controlled synthesis of magnesium whitlockite powder from amorphous calcium phosphate

Greta Linkaite; Gabriele Egle Budzyte; Aleksej Zarkov; Aivaras Kareiva; Inga Grigoraviciute

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140318

Controlled synthesis of magnesium whitlockite powder from amorphous calcium phosphate

Greta Linkaite
, Gabriele Egle Budzyte
, Aleksej Zarkov
, Aivaras Kareiva
, Inga Grigoraviciute^*

^*Šī darba korespondējošais autors

Spektroskopijas laboratorija, Cietvielu fizikas institūts

Vilnius University

Zinātniskās darbības rezultāts: Devums žurnālam › Zinātniskais raksts (žurnālā) › koleģiāli recenzēts

Kopsavilkums

Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH, Ca₁₈Mg₂(HPO₄)₂(PO₄)₁₂) is a calcium phosphate (CP) that has been identified as a potential material for use in hard-tissue applications due to its osteoconductive and resorbable properties. In this study, Mg-WH was synthesized at 80 °C via a dissolution-precipitation route using amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a reactive precursor. The effects of phosphate buffer composition and magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) concentration on phase formation was systematically investigated to identify conditions yielding single-phase Mg-WH. Phase-pure Mg-WH was obtained using a 75:25 (v/v) mixture of NH₄H₂PO₄ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ solutions, 17 mmol/L Mg²⁺ in the reaction medium, and 0.50 g of ACP. At different conditions, secondary phases were observed to form, primarily monetite (CaHPO₄) and dittmarite (NH₄MgPO₄·H₂O). The proposed approach provides a simple route to high-purity Mg-WH powder with promising features for further biomedical applications.

Oriģinālvaloda	Angļu
Raksta numurs	140318
Žurnāls	Materials Letters
Sējums	410
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140318
Publikācijas statuss	Publicēts - 1 maijs 2026

OECD Zinātnes nozare

1.3 Fizika un astronomija

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@article{73d5fc934eb1427a915e0ddcdc20d22a,

title = "Controlled synthesis of magnesium whitlockite powder from amorphous calcium phosphate",

abstract = "Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH, Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12) is a calcium phosphate (CP) that has been identified as a potential material for use in hard-tissue applications due to its osteoconductive and resorbable properties. In this study, Mg-WH was synthesized at 80 °C via a dissolution-precipitation route using amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a reactive precursor. The effects of phosphate buffer composition and magnesium ion (Mg2+) concentration on phase formation was systematically investigated to identify conditions yielding single-phase Mg-WH. Phase-pure Mg-WH was obtained using a 75:25 (v/v) mixture of NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2HPO4 solutions, 17 mmol/L Mg2+ in the reaction medium, and 0.50 g of ACP. At different conditions, secondary phases were observed to form, primarily monetite (CaHPO4) and dittmarite (NH4MgPO4·H2O). The proposed approach provides a simple route to high-purity Mg-WH powder with promising features for further biomedical applications.",

keywords = "Amorphous calcium phosphate, Biomedical application, Calcium phosphate, Dissolution-precipitation synthesis, Magnesium whitlockite, Phosphate buffer effect, Porous material",

author = "Greta Linkaite and Budzyte, \{Gabriele Egle\} and Aleksej Zarkov and Aivaras Kareiva and Inga Grigoraviciute",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2026",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140318",

language = "English",

volume = "410",

journal = "Materials Letters",

issn = "0167-577X",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Controlled synthesis of magnesium whitlockite powder from amorphous calcium phosphate

AU - Linkaite, Greta

AU - Budzyte, Gabriele Egle

AU - Zarkov, Aleksej

AU - Kareiva, Aivaras

AU - Grigoraviciute, Inga

PY - 2026/5/1

Y1 - 2026/5/1

N2 - Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH, Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12) is a calcium phosphate (CP) that has been identified as a potential material for use in hard-tissue applications due to its osteoconductive and resorbable properties. In this study, Mg-WH was synthesized at 80 °C via a dissolution-precipitation route using amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a reactive precursor. The effects of phosphate buffer composition and magnesium ion (Mg2+) concentration on phase formation was systematically investigated to identify conditions yielding single-phase Mg-WH. Phase-pure Mg-WH was obtained using a 75:25 (v/v) mixture of NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2HPO4 solutions, 17 mmol/L Mg2+ in the reaction medium, and 0.50 g of ACP. At different conditions, secondary phases were observed to form, primarily monetite (CaHPO4) and dittmarite (NH4MgPO4·H2O). The proposed approach provides a simple route to high-purity Mg-WH powder with promising features for further biomedical applications.

AB - Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-WH, Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12) is a calcium phosphate (CP) that has been identified as a potential material for use in hard-tissue applications due to its osteoconductive and resorbable properties. In this study, Mg-WH was synthesized at 80 °C via a dissolution-precipitation route using amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a reactive precursor. The effects of phosphate buffer composition and magnesium ion (Mg2+) concentration on phase formation was systematically investigated to identify conditions yielding single-phase Mg-WH. Phase-pure Mg-WH was obtained using a 75:25 (v/v) mixture of NH4H2PO4 and (NH4)2HPO4 solutions, 17 mmol/L Mg2+ in the reaction medium, and 0.50 g of ACP. At different conditions, secondary phases were observed to form, primarily monetite (CaHPO4) and dittmarite (NH4MgPO4·H2O). The proposed approach provides a simple route to high-purity Mg-WH powder with promising features for further biomedical applications.

KW - Amorphous calcium phosphate

KW - Biomedical application

KW - Calcium phosphate

KW - Dissolution-precipitation synthesis

KW - Magnesium whitlockite

KW - Phosphate buffer effect

KW - Porous material

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030480543

U2 - 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140318

DO - 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140318

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105030480543

SN - 0167-577X

VL - 410

JO - Materials Letters

JF - Materials Letters

M1 - 140318

ER -

Controlled synthesis of magnesium whitlockite powder from amorphous calcium phosphate

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