Corrigendum to “Bipolar disorder: An evolutionary psychoneuroimmunological approach” (Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2021) 122 (28–37), (S0149763420307065), (10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.031))

There was a calculation error in Rantala et al. (2021 Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 122, 28–37). Page 30: “A mental health study on 12,500 Amish people found that only 28 of them suffered from bipolar disorder (Egeland and Hostetter, 1983). This means that the likelihood of an Amish person having bipolar disorder is 0.22 %. Instead, 4.4 % of Americans experience this disorder (Merikangas et al., 2011). The difference between the Amish people and other Americans is therefore over 18-fold.” The authors sincerely apologize for this error. The corrected sentences should be: “A mental health study on a population of 12,500 Amish people of which 8186 were adult found that only 38 suffered from type 1 or 2 bipolar disorder (Egeland and Hostetter, 1983). This means that the 5-year prevalence of the bipolar disorder is 0.46 %. The WHO study found that the 1-year prevalence of bipolar disorder was 1.4 % (Merikangas et al., 2011). Although it is difficult to compare the 5-year prevalence with the 1-year prevalence, one could conclude that the prevalence of the bipolar disorder is substantially lower among Older Order Amishes than in other north Americans. The true difference in prevalence is probably much larger because Egeland and Hoster (1983) noted that the “Amish interact so closely within a given district that even mild cases of emotional upset or mental disturbance cannot go undetected, and each case of mental illness was reported, on the average by 18 informants”. Thus, the WHO study and other studies have not been able to detect all possible cases of mood disorders as exhaustively as Egeland and Hoster were able to do.” It is important to note that there is additional support for the environmental mismatch hypothesis of bipolar disorder. For example, Nimgaonkar et al. (2000) found that only three out of 4286 participants met the diagnostic criteria of bipolar disorder in the Hutterites in 1950–1953.