@inproceedings{a53a3bd6d3d54944a702288a30fdd38e,
title = "Local electromethanical properties of the CaCu3Ti 4O12 ceramics",
abstract = "Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was used to probe piezoelectric vibrations and local conductivity in CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics at room temperature. Piezoelectric contrast was observed on the polished surfaces of CCTO in both vertical (out-of-plane) and lateral (in-plane) modes and depended on the grain orientation varying in sign and amplitude. The piezoelectric contrast is shown to be controlled by the electrical bias (local poling) and displayed a ferroelectric-like reversible hysteresis accompanied with a change of the phase of piezoelectric signal. Flexoelectric effect (strain-gradient-induced polarization) due to surface relaxation was invoked to explain the observed contrast inside the grains.",
author = "Ronald Tararam and Igor Bdikin and Varela, \{Jos{\'e} Arana\} and Bueno, \{Paulo Roberto\} and Jos{\'e} Gracio and Andrei Kholkin",
year = "2010",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781617822193",
series = "Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings",
pages = "6--10",
booktitle = "Structure-Function Relations at Perovskite Surfaces and Interfaces",
note = "2010 MRS Spring Meeting ; Conference date: 05-04-2010 Through 09-04-2010",
}