Polyphenolic, vitamin C and sugar profile of apple cultivars grown in Latvia

Apples have well balanced and diverse biochemical content characterized by such biologically active compounds as organic acids, sugars, vitamins, polyphenolic, minerals and other valuable substances. Fresh-cut products are becoming well - known in the world, for which production apples are used. The importance of apples in diversifying nutritional value in salads was evaluated in LSIFG in 2010 by determination of polyphenolic, vitamin C and sugar content. Ten apple cultivars grown in Latvia were tested: 'Alesya', 'Antei', 'Auksis, 'Belorusskoe Malinovoe,' 'Korichnoe Novoe', 'Kovalenkovskoe', 'Orlik', 'Saltanat', 'Sinap Orlovskii', 'Zarya Alatau'. The results of the research showed that the highest content of polyphenolic and chlorogenic acids was found in cultivars 'Alesya' and 'Antei', but the highest content of catechins - in 'Kovalenkovskoe', 'Korichnoe Novoe' and 'Auksis'. The content of vitamin C varied from 8.1 to 10.4 mg 100 g_-1. The content of sugars between the cultivars was found as very different: from 1.3 to 5.1 g 100 g_-1 for sucrose, from 5.2 to 7.2 g 100 g_-1 FW for fructose, and for glucose from 2.6 to 1.2 g 100 g_-1 FW. The content of xylose was relatively low: 38 to 177 mg 100 g_-1. The highest content of sugars was found in cultivars 'Zarya Alatau' and 'Alesya'.