Research interests: Latvian archeology, Bronze and Iron Age

Among the bronze items dating to Latvia's Late Bronze Age (1100-500 BC) and the Pre-Roman Iron Age (500-1 BC) there are rings with open ends that resemble bracelets or necklaces by size. The number of bronze rings and their fragments is not large - 57 units, but that of fragments of casting moulds is much higher - 856. The article deals with the data of both these rings and the respective castings. The main focus is on the problem of the function of these rings: whether they were ingots or jewellery. The author argues that, although bronze rings were used as jewellery, it was probably not their only or even their main function. Bronze rings were used for more convenient storing and transporting of metal, but also as a value equivalent in exchange operations.