The use of in vitro methods for obtaining of flax breeding source material

In our breeding programme we are using two in vitro methods for obtaining flax breeding source material: anther and calli cultures. The results of anther culture formation showed that all used genotypes have a rather low anther response. Nevertheless, with a change of cultivation medium it is possible to increase the embryo development to 30%. For investigated breeder lines, the best media were NLN 82 medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05 mg/l 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). All of the used varieties ('Vega 2', 'Lirina', and 'Rigaer B') are excellent for calli culture formation (100 % of used explants form calli). Development of regeneration zones were dependent on both the used antioxidant and explant (stem segments, leaves, root segments) type, which calli were derived from, but were not related to calli weight. Adding of AgNO3 in seed germination media positively affected calli culture formation and regeneration. Dependence of genotype and type of explants in calli reaction on antioxidants was found. With the use of an optimal antioxidant it is possible to increase calli regeneration capacity. Shoots from all used varieties were observed only on calli derived from leaves. Three to 22 shoots were obtained from a single callus.